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We consider the decay of a polarized top quark into a stable $W^+$ boson andcharmed-flavored (D) or bottom-flavored (B) hadrons, via$t(\uparrow)\rightarrow W^++D/B+X$. We study the angular distribution of thescaled-energy of B/D-hadrons at next-to-leading order (NLO) considering thecontribution of bottom and gluon fragmentations into the heavy mesons B and D.To obtain the energy spectrum of B/D-hadrons we present our analyticalexpressions for the parton-level differential decay widths of$t(\uparrow)\rightarrow b+W^+(+g)$ at NLO. Comparison of our predictions withdata at the LHC enable us to test the universality and scaling violations ofthe B- and D-hadron fragmentation functions (FFs). These can also be used todetermine the polarization states of top quarks and since the energydistributions depend on the ratio $m_W /m_t$ we advocate the use of suchangular decay measurements for the determination of the top quark's mass.

Energy spectrum of bottom- and charmed-flavored mesons from polarized top quark decay $t(\uparrow)\rightarrow W^+ + B/D+X$ at ${\cal O}(\alpha_s)$