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The deconfinement phase transition in large-$N_c$ QCD is studied within theframework of an effective Polyakov-loop model, where the potential has a U(1)symmetry originating in the large-$N_c$ limit of a Z$_{N_c}$-symmetric model.At the critical temperature, the shape of the effective potential allows theexistence of Q-balls as position-dependent fluctuations of the Polyakov loop.Q-balls with spherical or axial symmetry are numerically obtained from theequations of motion of the effective model under consideration. The physicalproperties of these non-topological solitons (mass, charge and size) arediscussed, as well as their interpretation in terms of spinning "bubbles", withvarious shapes, of deconfined matter surrounded by a confined environment.

Q-ball formation at the deconfinement temperature in large-$N_c$ QCD