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We investigate the effects of explicit breaking of Z(3) symmetry due to thepresence of dynamical quarks on the formation and evolution of Z(3) walls andassociated QGP strings within Polyakov loop model. We carry out numericalsimulations of the first order quark-hadron phase transition via bubblenucleation (which may be appropriate, for example, at finite baryon chemicalpotential) in the context of relativistic heavy-ion collision experiments.Using appropriate shifting of the order parameter in the Polyakov loopeffective potential, we calculate the bubble profiles using bounce technique,for the true vacuum as well as for the metastable Z(3) vacua, and estimate theassociated nucleation probabilities. These different bubbles are then nucleatedand evolved and resulting formation and dynamics of Z(3) walls and QGP stringsis studied. We discuss various implications of the existence of these Z(3)interfaces and the QGP strings, especially in view of the effects of theexplicit breaking of the Z(3) symmetry on the formation and dynamical evolutionof these objects.

Effects of quarks on the formation and evolution of Z(3) walls and strings in relativistic heavy-ion collisions