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We demonstrate that Michelson-Morley tests, which detect direction-dependentanisotropies in the speed of light, can also be used to place limits uponisotropic deviations of the vacuum speed of light from $c$, as described by thephoton sector Standard Model Extension (SME) parameter $\tilde{\kappa}_{tr}$. Ashift in the speed of light that is isotropic in one inertial frame impliesanisotropic shifts in others. Using observer Lorentz covariance, we derive thetime-dependent variations in the relative resonance frequencies of a pair ofelectromagnetic resonators that would be generated by such a shift in the restframe of the Sun. A new analysis of a recent experimental test of relativityusing this result constrains $\tilde{\kappa}_{tr}$ with a precision of$7.4\times10^{-9}$. This represents the first constraint on$\tilde{\kappa}_{tr}$ by a Michelson-Morley experiment and the first analysisof a single experiment to simultaneously set limits on all ninenon-birefringent terms in the photon sector of the SME.

Improved Constraints on Isotropic Shift and Anisotropies of the Speed of Light using Rotating Cryogenic Sapphire Oscillators