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We discuss neutrino oscillation physics with a neutrino factory in stages,including the possibility of upgrading the muon energy within the same program.We point out that a detector designed for the low energy neutrino factory maybe used off-axis in a high energy neutrino factory beam. We include there-optimization of the experiment depending on the value of theta_13 found. Asupgrade options, we consider muon energy, additional baselines, a detector massupgrade, an off-axis detector, and the platinum (muon to electron neutrino)channels. In addition, we test the impact of Daya Bay data on the optimization.We find that for large theta_13 (theta_13 discovered by the next generation ofexperiments), a low energy neutrino factory might be the most plausible minimalversion to test the unknown parameters. However, if a higher muon energy isneeded for new physics searches, a high energy version including an off-axisdetector may be an interesting alternative. For small theta_13 (theta_13 notdiscovered by the next generation), a plausible program could start with a lowenergy neutrino factory, followed by energy upgrade, and then baseline ordetector mass upgrade, depending on the outcome of the earlier phases.

Neutrino factory in stages: Low energy, high energy, off-axis