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Big Bang nucleosynthesis requires a fine balance between equations of statefor photons and relativistic fermions. Several corrections to equation of stateparameters arise from classical and quantum physics, which are derived herefrom a canonical perspective. In particular, loop quantum gravity allows one tocompute quantum gravity corrections for Maxwell and Dirac fields. Although theclassical actions are very different, quantum corrections to the equation ofstate are remarkably similar. To lowest order, these corrections take the formof an overall expansion-dependent multiplicative factor in the total density.We use these results, along with the predictions of Big Bang nucleosynthesis,to place bounds on these corrections.

Dirac Fields in Loop Quantum Gravity and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis