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The causal entropic principle has been proposed as a superior alternative tothe anthropic principle for understanding the magnitude of the cosmologicalconstant. In this approach, the probability to create observers is assumed tobe proportional to the entropy production \Delta S in a maximal causallyconnected region -- the causal diamond. We improve on the original treatment bybetter quantifying the entropy production due to stars, using an analytic modelfor the star formation history which accurately accounts for changes incosmological parameters. We calculate the dependence of \Delta S on the densitycontrast Q=\delta\rho/\rho, and find that our universe is much closer to themost probable value of Q than in the usual anthropic approach and thatprobabilities are relatively weakly dependent on this amplitude. In addition,we make first estimates of the dependence of \Delta S on the baryon fractionand overall matter abundance. Finally, we also explore the possibility thatdecays of dark matter, suggested by various observed gamma ray excesses, mightproduce a comparable amount of entropy to stars.

Predictions of the causal entropic principle for environmental conditions of the universe