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We derive a long wavelength effective point particle description offour-dimensional Schwarzschild black holes. In this effective theory,absorptive effects are incorporated by introducing degrees of freedom localizedon the worldline that mimic the interaction between the horizon and bulkfields. The correlation functions of composite operators in this worldlinetheory can be obtained by standard matching calculations. For example, weobtain the low frequency two-point function of multipole worldline operators byrelating them to the long wavelength graviton black hole absorptive crosssection. The effective theory is then used to predict the leading effects ofabsorption in several astrophysically motivated examples, including thedynamics of non-relativistic black hole binary inspirals and the motion of asmall black hole in an arbitrary background geometry. Our results can bewritten compactly in terms of absorption cross sections, and can be easilyapplied to the dissipative dynamics of any compact object, e.g. neutron stars.The relation of our methodology to that developed in the context of the AdS/CFTcorrespondence is discussed.Comment: 19 pages 2 figure

Dissipative effects in the worldline approach to black hole dynamics