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We study patterns of chiral symmetry breaking at zero temperature and itssubsequent restoration at nonzero temperature within the $SU(3)_{r} \timesSU(3)_{\ell}$ linear sigma model. Gap equations for the masses of the scalarand pseudoscalar mesons and the non-strange and strange quark condensates aresystematically derived in the Hartree approximation via theCornwall-Jackiw-Tomboulis formalism. In the chiral limit, the chiral symmetryrestoring transition is found to be first order, as predicted by universalityarguments. Taking the experimental values for the meson masses, however, thetransition is crossover. The absence of the $U(1)_A$ anomaly is found to drivethis transition closer to being first order. At large temperatures, the mixingangles between octet and singlet states approach ideal flavor mixing.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures, RevTe

physical review. d. particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/physical review. d. particles and fields

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Chiral symmetry restoration at nonzero temperature in theSU(3)r×SU(3)