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In the presence of (relatively) long-range forces, structures can form evenduring the radiation dominated era, leading to compact objects, such as Fermiballs or primordial black holes (PBHs), which can account for all or part ofdark matter. We present a detailed analysis of a model in which fermions areproduced from the inflaton decay developing some particle-antiparticleasymmetry. These fermions undergo clustering and structure formation driven bya Yukawa interaction. The same interaction provides a cooling channel for thedark halos via scalar radiation, leading to rapid collapse and the formation ofa compact object. We discuss the criteria for the formation of either PBHs andFermi balls. In the PBH formation regime, supermassive PBHs can seed the activegalactic nuclei or quasars found at high redshift. Alternatively, Fermi ballscan account for all of the cold dark matter, while evading microlensingconstraints.

Structure Formation after Reheating: Supermassive Primordial Black Holes and Fermi Ball Dark Matter