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The axion is well motivated in physics. It solves the strong chargeconjugation-parity reversal problem CP in fundamental physics and the darkmatter problem in astronomy. Its interaction with the electromagnetic field hasbeen expected but never detected experimentally. Such particles may convert toradio waves in the environment with a strong magnetic field. Inspired by theidea, various research groups have been working on theoretical modeling andradio data analysis to search for the signature of radio signals generated bythe axion conversion in the magnetosphere of compact stars, where the surfacemagnetic field as strong as $10^{13}$-$10^{14}$ G is expected. In this work, wecalculate the observational properties of the axion-induced radio signals(AIRSs) in the neutron star magnetosphere, where both the total intensity andpolarization properties of radio emission are derived. Based on the ray tracingmethod, assuming 100% linear polarization of radio waves generated in eachconversion, we compute the polarization emission profile concerning differentviewing angles. We note that plasma and general relativistic effects areimportant for the polarization properties of AIRSs. Our work suggests thatAIRSs can be identified by the narrow bandwidth and distinct polarizationfeatures.

Identifying axion conversion in compact star magnetospheres with radio-wave polarization signatures