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The decay $\Xi_b^-\to\Lambda_b^0\pi^-$ is observed using a proton-protoncollision data sample collected at center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV withthe LHCb detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.5 fb$^{-1}$.This process is mediated by the $s\to u\bar{u}d$ quark-level transition, wherethe $b$ quark in the $\Xi_b^-$ baryon is a spectator in the decay. Averagingthe results obtained using the two $\Lambda_b^0$ decay modes,$\Lambda_b^0\to\Lambda_c^+\pi^-$ and$\Lambda_b^0\to\Lambda_c^+\pi^-\pi^+\pi^-$, the relative production ratio ismeasured to be$(f_{\Xi_b^-}/f_{\Lambda_b^0}){\cal{B}}(\Xi_b^-\to\Lambda_b^0\pi^-)=(7.3\pm0.8\pm0.6)\times10^{-4}$.Here the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively, and$f_{\Xi_b^-}(f_{\Lambda_b^0})$ is the fragmentation fraction for a $b$ quarkinto a $\Xi_b^-$ ($\Lambda_b^0$) baryon. Using an independent measurement of$f_{\Xi_b^-}/f_{\Lambda_b^0}$, the branching fraction${\cal{B}}(\Xi_b^-\to\Lambda_b^0\pi^-)=(0.89\pm0.10\pm0.07\pm0.29)\%$ isobtained, where the last uncertainty is due to the assumed SU(3) flavorsymmetry in the determination of $f_{\Xi_b^-}/f_{\Lambda_b^0}$.

Observation and branching fraction measurement of the decay $\Xi_b^-\to\Lambda_b^0\pi^-$