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We study the importance of the thermal behavior of the hadron-quark phasetransition in neutron star (NS) mergers. To this end, we devise a new schemeapproximating thermal effects to supplement any cold, barotropic hybridequation of state (EoS) model, i.e. two-phase EoS constructions with a hadronicregime and a phase of deconfined quark matter. The consideration oftemperature-dependent phase boundaries turns out to be critical for aquantitative description of quark matter effects in NS mergers, since thecoexistence phase can introduce a strong softening of the EoS at finitetemperature, which is even more significant than the change of the EoS by thephase transition at T=0. We validate our approach by comparing to existingfully temperature-dependent EoS models and find a very good quantitativeagreement of postmerger gravitational-wave (GW) features. Simulations with thecommonly-used thermal ideal-gas approach exhibit sizable differences comparedto full hybrid models implying that its use in NS merger simulations with quarkmatter is problematic. Our new scheme provides the means to isolate thermaleffects of quark matter from the properties of the cold hybrid EoS and thusallows an assessment of the thermal behavior alone. We show that differentshapes of the phase boundaries at finite temperature can have a large impact onthe postmerger dynamics and GW signal for the same cold hybrid model. Thisfinding demonstrates that postmerger GW emission contains importantcomplementary information compared to properties extracted from cold stars. Wealso show by concrete examples that it is even possible for quark matter toonly occur and thus be detectable in finite-temperature systems like mergerremnants but not in cold NSs (abbreviated).

Exploring thermal effects of the hadron-quark matter transition in neutron star mergers