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The production of a $W$ boson in association with a single charm quark isstudied using 140 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ of $\sqrt{s} = 13\,\mathrm{TeV}$proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at the LargeHadron Collider. The charm quark is tagged by a charmed hadron, reconstructedwith a secondary-vertex fit. The $W$ boson is reconstructed from anelectron/muon decay and the missing transverse momentum. The mesonsreconstructed are $D^{\pm} \to K^\mp \pi^\pm \pi^\pm$ and $D^{*\pm} \to D^{0}\pi^\pm \to (K^\mp \pi^\pm) \pi^\pm$, where $p_{\text{T}}(e, \mu) >30\,\mathrm{GeV}$, $|\eta(e, \mu)| < 2.5$, $p_{\text{T}}(D) > 8\,\mathrm{GeV}$,and $|\eta(D)| < 2.2$. The integrated and normalized differentialcross-sections as a function of the pseudorapidity of the lepton from the $W$boson decay, and of the transverse momentum of the meson, are extracted fromthe data using a profile likelihood fit. The measured fiducial cross-sectionsare $\sigma^{\mathrm{OS-SS}}_{\mathrm{fid}}(W^{-}{+}D^{+}) =50.2\pm0.2\,\mathrm{(stat.)}\,^{+2.4}_{-2.3}\,\mathrm{(syst.)}\,\mathrm{pb}$,$\sigma^{\mathrm{OS-SS}}_{\mathrm{fid}}(W^{+}{+}D^{-}) =48.5\pm0.2\,\mathrm{(stat.)}\,^{+2.3}_{-2.2}\,\mathrm{(syst.)}\,\mathrm{pb}$,$\sigma^{\mathrm{OS-SS}}_{\mathrm{fid}}(W^{-}{+}D^{*+}) =51.1\pm0.4\,\mathrm{(stat.)}\,^{+1.9}_{-1.8}\,\mathrm{(syst.)}\,\mathrm{pb}$,and $\sigma^{\mathrm{OS-SS}}_{\mathrm{fid}}(W^{+}{+}D^{*-}) =50.0\pm0.4\,\mathrm{(stat.)}\,^{+1.9}_{-1.8}\,\mathrm{(syst.)}\,\mathrm{pb}$.Results are compared with the predictions of next-to-leading-order quantumchromodynamics calculations performed using state-of-the-art partondistribution functions. The ratio of charm to anti-charm productioncross-sections is studied to probe the $s$-$\bar{s}$ quark asymmetry and isfound to be $R_c^\pm =0.971\pm0.006\,\mathrm{(stat.)}\pm0.011\,\mathrm{(syst.)}$.

physical review. d/physical review. d.

Measurement of the production of a $W$ boson in association with a  charmed hadron in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13\,\mathrm{TeV}$ with the  ATLAS detector