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A claimed detection of cosmological tensor perturbations from inflation viaB-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background requires distinguishingother possible B-mode sources. One such potential source of confusion isprimordial magnetic fields. For sufficiently low-amplitude B-mode signals, themicrowave background temperature and polarization power spectra from power-lawtensor perturbations and from a power-law primordial magnetic field areindistinguishable. However, we show that such a magnetic field will induce asmall-scale Faraday rotation which is detectable using four-point statisticsanalogous to gravitational lensing of the microwave background. The Faradayrotation signal will distinguish a magnetic-field induced B-mode polarizationsignal from tensor perturbations for effective tensor-scalar ratios larger than0.001, detectable in upcoming polarization experiments.

Distinguishing Primordial Magnetic Fields from Inflationary Tensor Perturbations in the Cosmic Microwave Background