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Delayed single- and few-electron emissions plague dual-phase time projectionchambers, limiting their potential to search for light-mass dark matter. Thispaper examines the origins of these events in the XENON1T experiment.Characterization of the intensity of delayed electron backgrounds shows thatthe resulting emissions are correlated, in time and position, with high-energyevents and can effectively be vetoed. In this work we extend previous S2-onlyanalyses down to a single electron. From this analysis, after removing thecorrelated backgrounds, we observe rates < 30 events/(electron*kg*day) in theregion of interest spanning 1 to 5 electrons. We derive 90% confidence upperlimits for dark matter-electron scattering, first direct limits on the electricdipole, magnetic dipole, and anapole interactions, and bosonic dark mattermodels, where we exclude new parameter space for dark photons and solar darkphotons.

Emission of Single and Few Electrons in XENON1T and Limits on Light Dark Matter