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A generic low-energy prediction of string theory is the existence of a largecollection of axions, commonly known as a string axiverse. Axions also have anatural cosmological production mechanism, vacuum misalignment, making themwell-motivated dark matter (DM) candidates. Much work on axion production hasconsidered the case of a single free axion, but in a realistic axiverse, stringaxions are expected to be distributed densely over many orders of magnitude inmass, and to interact with one another through their joint potential. In thispaper, we show that non-linearities in this potential lead to a new type ofresonant energy transfer between axions with nearby masses. This resonancegenerically transfers energy from axions with larger decay constants to thosewith smaller decay constants, and leads to a multitude of signatures. Theseinclude enhanced direct detection prospects for a resonant pair comprising evena small subcomponent of dark matter, and boosted small-scale structure if thepair is the majority of DM. Near-future iterations of experiments such as ADMXand DM Radio will be sensitive to this scenario, as will astrophysical probesof DM substructure.

Friendship in the Axiverse: Late-time direct and astrophysical signatures of early-time nonlinear axion dynamics