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We analyze the pseudo-critical behavior of three-flavor QCD using highlyimproved staggered quarks (HISQ) on lattices with temporal extent $N_\tau =8$and for quark masses corresponding to a pseudoscalar Goldstone mass in therange $80 ~ {\rm MeV} ~ \lesssim ~ m_\pi ~ \lesssim ~ 140 ~ {\rm MeV}$. Ourfindings are consistent with the occurrence of a second order chiral phasetransition at vanishing values of the quark masses. The chiral phase transitiontemperature at this finite value of the lattice spacing is determined to be$T_c = 98_{-6}^{+3}~{\rm MeV}$. A comparison with a corresponding analysisperformed in (2+1)-flavor QCD suggests that the continuum limit extrapolatedchiral phase transition temperature in 3-flavor QCD will turn out to be below$90 ~ {\rm MeV}$.

The Chiral Phase Transition in three-flavor QCD from Lattice QCD