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In 2015 the PHENIX collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Colliderrecorded $p$$+$$p$, $p$$+$Al, and $p$$+$Au collision data at center of massenergies of $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV with the proton beam(s) transverselypolarized. At very forward rapidities $\eta>6.8$ relative to the polarizedproton beam, neutrons were detected either inclusively or in (anti)correlationwith detector activity related to hard collisions. The resulting single spinasymmetries, that were previously reported, have now been extracted as afunction of the transverse momentum of the neutron as well as its longitudinalmomentum fraction $x_F$. The explicit kinematic dependence, combined with thecorrelation information allows for a closer look at the interplay of differentmechanisms suggested to describe these asymmetries, such as hadronicinteractions or electromagnetic interactions in ultra-peripheral collisions,UPC. Events that are correlated with a hard collision indeed display a mostlynegative asymmetry that increases in magnitude as a function of transversemomentum with only little dependence on $x_F$. In contrast, events that are notlikely to have emerged from a hard collision display positive asymmetries forthe nuclear collisions with a kinematic dependence that resembles that of a UPCbased model. Because the UPC interaction depends strongly on the charge of thenucleus, those effects are very small for $p$$+$$p$ collisions, moderate for$p$$+$Al collisions, and large for $p$$+$Au collisions.

physical review. d/physical review. d.

Transverse single spin asymmetries of forward neutrons in $p$$+$$p$,  $p$$+$Al, and $p$$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV as a function  of transverse and longitudinal momenta