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We simultaneously incorporate two common extensions of the hadron resonancegas model, namely the addition of extra, unconfirmed resonances to the particlelist and the excluded volume repulsive interactions. We emphasize thecomplementary nature of these two extensions and identify combinations ofconserved charge susceptibilities that allow to constrain them separately. Inparticular, ratios of second-order susceptibilities like$\chi_{11}^{BQ}/\chi_2^B$ and $\chi_{11}^{BS}/\chi_2^B$ are sensitive only tothe baryon spectrum, while fourth-to-second order ratios like$\chi_4^B/\chi_2^B$, $\chi_{31}^{BS}/\chi_{11}^{BS}$, or$\chi_{31}^{BQ}/\chi_{11}^{BQ}$ are mainly determined by repulsiveinteractions. Analysis of the available lattice results suggests the presenceof both the extra states in the baryon-strangeness sector and the repulsivebaryonic interaction, with indications that hyperons have a smaller repulsivecore than non-strange baryons. The modified hadron resonance gas modelpresented here significantly improves the description of lattice QCDsusceptibilities at chemical freeze-out and can be used for the analysis ofevent-by-event fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions.

Constraining the hadronic spectrum and repulsive interactions in a hadron resonance gas via fluctuations of conserved charges