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We present a 5.4$\sigma$ detection of the pairwise kinematicSunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect using Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and$\it{Planck}$ CMB observations in combination with Luminous Red Galaxy samplesfrom the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR15 catalog. Results are obtainedusing three ACT CMB maps: co-added 150 GHz and 98 GHz maps, combiningobservations from 2008-2018 (ACT DR5), which overlap with SDSS DR15 over 3,700sq. deg., and a component-separated map using night-time only observations from2014-2015 (ACT DR4), overlapping with SDSS DR15 over 2,089 sq. deg. Comparisonsof the results from these three maps provide consistency checks in relation topotential frequency-dependent foreground contamination. A total of 343,647galaxies are used as tracers to identify and locate galaxy groups and clustersfrom which the kSZ signal is extracted using aperture photometry. We considerthe impact of various aperture photometry assumptions and covariance estimationmethods on the signal extraction. Theoretical predictions of the pairwisevelocities are used to obtain best-fit, mass-averaged, optical depth estimatesfor each of five luminosity-selected tracer samples. A comparison of thekSZ-derived optical depth measurements obtained here to those derived from thethermal SZ effect for the same sample is presented in a companion paper.

The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Detection of the Pairwise Kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect with SDSS DR15 Galaxies