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We make forecasts for the impact a future "midband" space-based gravitationalwave experiment, most sensitive to $10^{-2}- 10$ Hz, could have on potentialdetections of cosmological stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds (SGWBs).Specific proposed midband experiments considered are TianGo, B-DECIGO andAEDGE. We propose a combined power-law integrated sensitivity (CPLS) curvecombining GW experiments over different frequency bands, which shows themidband improves sensitivity to SGWBs by up to two orders of magnitude at$10^{-2} - 10$ Hz. We consider GW emission from cosmic strings and phasetransitions as benchmark examples of cosmological SGWBs. We explicitly modelvarious astrophysical SGWB sources, most importantly from unresolved black holemergers. Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo, we demonstrated that midbandexperiments can, when combined with LIGO A+ and LISA, significantly improvesensitivities to cosmological SGWBs and better separate them from astrophysicalSGWBs. In particular, we forecast that a midband experiment improvessensitivity to cosmic string tension $G\mu$ by up to a factor of $10$, drivenby improved component separation from astrophysical sources. For phasetransitions, a midband experiment can detect signals peaking at $0.1 - 1$ Hz,which for our fiducial model corresponds to early Universe temperatures of$T_*\sim 10^4 - 10^6$ GeV, generally beyond the reach of LIGO and LISA. Themidband closes an energy gap and better captures characteristic spectral shapeinformation. It thus substantially improves measurement of the properties ofphase transitions at lower energies of $T_* \sim O(10^3)$ GeV, potentiallyrelevant to new physics at the electroweak scale, whereas in this energy rangeLISA alone will detect an excess but not effectively measure the phasetransition parameters. Our modelling code and chains are publicly available.

Impact of a Midband Gravitational Wave Experiment On Detectability of Cosmological Stochastic Gravitational Wave Backgrounds