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We use observations of gas-rich dwarf galaxies to derive constraints on darkmatter scattering with ordinary matter. We require that heating/cooling due toDM interacting with gas in the Leo T dwarf galaxy not exceed the ultra-lowradiative cooling rate of the gas. This enables us to set $(i)$ stronger boundsthan all the previous literature on ultra-light hidden photon DM for nearly allof the mass range $10^{-23}\lesssim m_\mathrm{DM} \lesssim 10^{-10}$ eV, $(ii)$limits on sub-GeV millicharged DM which add to the constraints on the recentEDGES 21cm absorption anomaly, and $(iii)$ constraints on DM-baryoninteractions directly at low relative velocities $v_\mathrm{rel}\sim 17$ km/s.Our study opens a new direction at using observations of gas-rich dwarfgalaxies from previous, current and upcoming optical and 21cm surveys to probephysics beyond the standard model.

Gas-rich dwarf galaxies as a new probe of dark matter interactions with ordinary matter