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We discuss particle production associated with vacuum decay, which changesthe mass of a scalar field coupled to a background field which induces thedecay. By utilizing the Stokes phenomenon, we can optimally track thetime-evolution of mode function and hence calculate particle productionproperly. In particular, we use real time formalisms for vacuum decay inMinkowski and de Sitter spacetime together with the Stokes phenomenon method.For each case, we consider the flyover vacuum decay model and stochasticinflation, respectively. Within the real time formalism, the particleproduction can be viewed as that caused by nontrivial external fields. Thisgives us a novel perspective of the real time formalism of vacuum decay.

Particle production induced by vacuum decay in real time dynamics