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By using the first-principles approach, we derive a system of three quantumkinetic equations governing the production and evolution of charged scalarparticles by an electric field in an expanding universe. Analyzing theultraviolet asymptotic behavior of the kinetic functions, we found thedivergent parts of the electric current and the energy-momentum tensor of theproduced particles and determined the corresponding counterterms. Therenormalized system of equations is used to study the generation ofelectromagnetic fields during and after inflation in the kinetic coupling model$\mathcal{L}_{\rm EM}=-(1/4)f^{2}(\phi)F_{\mu\nu}F^{\mu\nu}$ with the Ratracoupling function $f=\exp(\beta\phi/M_{p})$. It is found that the electriccurrent of created particles is retarded with respect to the electric field.This leads to an oscillatory behavior of both quantities in agreement with theresults obtained previously in phenomenological kinetic and hydrodynamicalapproaches.

Schwinger production of scalar particles during and after inflation from the first principles