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Ultralight primordial black holes (PBHs) with masses $\lesssim 10^{15}$g andsubatomic Schwarzschild radii, produced in the early Universe, are expected tohave evaporated by the current cosmic age due to Hawking radiation. Based onthis assumption, a number of constraints on the abundance of ultralight PBHshave been made. However, Hawking radiation has thus far not been verifiedexperimentally. It would, therefore, be of interest if constraints onultralight PBHs could be placed independent of the assumption ofHawking-radiation. In this paper, we explore the possibility of probing thesePBHs, within a narrow mass range, using gravitational-wave (GW) data from thetwo LIGO detectors. The idea is that large primordial curvature perturbationsthat result in the formation of PBHs, would also generate GWs throughnon-linear mode couplings. These induced GWs would produce a stochasticbackground. Specifically, we focus our attention on PBHs of mass range $\sim10^{13} - 10^{15}$g for which the induced stochastic GW background peak fallsin the sensitivity band of LIGO. We find that, for both narrow and broadGaussian PBH mass distributions, the corresponding GW background would bedetectable using presently available LIGO data, provided we neglect theexisting constraints on the abundance of PBHs, which are based on Hawkingradiation. Furthermore, we find that these stochastic backgrounds would bedetectable in LIGO's third observing run, even after considering the existingconstraints on PBH abundance. A non-detection should enable us to constrain theamplitude of primordial curvature perturbations as well as the abundance ofultralight PBHs. We estimate that by the end of the third observing run,assuming non-detection, we should be able to place constraints that are ordersof magnitude better than currently existing ones.

physical review. d/physical review. d.

Prospects for probing ultralight primordial black holes using the  stochastic gravitational-wave background induced by primordial curvature  perturbations