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Freeze-out or freeze-in during a period of early matter domination can yieldthe correct dark matter abundance for small values of the velocity-averagedannihilation cross section, $\langle \sigma_{\rm ann} v \rangle_{\rm f} < 3\times 10^{-26}$ cm$^3$ s$^{-1}$. However, in a generic non-standard thermalhistory, such a period is typically preceded by other phases. Here, we studyproduction of dark matter in a simple post-inflationary history where aradiation-dominated phase after reheating is followed by an epoch of earlymatter domination. Focusing on the freeze-in regime, we show that dark matterproduction prior to early matter domination can dominate the relic abundance inlarge parts of the parameter space, including weak scale dark matter masses,and the allowed regions are highly dependent on the entire post-inflationaryhistory. Moreover, for a very broad range of $\langle \sigma_{\rm ann} v\rangle_{\rm f}$ spanning over several decades, dark matter particles can startin chemical equilibrium early on and decouple during early matter domination,thereby rendering the relic abundance essentially independent of $\langle\sigma_{\rm ann} v \rangle_{\rm f}$. We briefly discuss connections todifferent observables as a possible means to test the elusive freeze-inscenario in this case.

Freeze-in Production of Dark Matter Prior to Early Matter Domination