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We study the end point of the first-order deconfinement phase transition intwo and 2+1 flavor QCD in the heavy quark region of the quark mass parameterspace. We determine the location of critical point at which the first-orderdeconfinement phase transition changes to crossover, and calculate thepseudo-scalar meson mass at the critical point. Performing quenched QCDsimulations on lattices with the temporal extents Nt=6 and 8, the effects ofheavy quarks are determined using the reweighting method. We adopt the hoppingparameter expansion to evaluate the quark determinants in the reweightingfactor. We estimate the truncation error of the hopping parameter expansion bycomparing the results of leading and next-to-leading order calculations, andstudy the lattice spacing dependence as well as the spatial volume dependenceof the result for the critical point. The overlap problem of the reweightingmethod is also examined. Our results for Nt=4 and 6 suggest that the criticalquark mass decreases as the lattice spacing decreases and increases as thespatial volume increases.

End point of the first-order phase transition of QCD in the heavy quark region by reweighting from quenched QCD