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Recently it has been noticed that the Fermi-LAT data of gamma-rays from somegalactic pulsars and supernova remnants reveal spectral modulations that mightbe explained by the conversion of photons to ALPs (axion-like particles)induced by the conventional ALP coupling to photon in the presence of galacticmagnetic fields. However the corresponding ALP mass and coupling are in asevere tension with the observational constraints from CAST, SN1987A, and othergamma-ray observations. Motivated by this, we examine an alternativepossibility that those spectral modulations are explained by other type of ALPcoupling involving both the ordinary photon and a massless dark photon, whennonzero background dark photon gauge fields are assumed. We find that ourscheme results in oscillations among the photon, ALP, and dark photon, whichcan explain the gamma-ray spectral modulations of galactic pulsars or supernovaremnants, while satisfying the known observational constraints.

Gamma-ray spectral modulations induced by photon-ALP-dark photon oscillations