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Detecting TeV--PeV cosmic neutrinos provides crucial tests of neutrinophysics and astrophysics. The statistics of IceCube and the larger proposedIceCube-Gen2 demand calculations of neutrino-nucleus interactions subdominantto deep-inelastic scattering, which is mediated by weak-boson couplings tonuclei. The largest such interactions are W-boson and trident production, whichare mediated instead through photon couplings to nuclei. In a companion paper[1], we make the most comprehensive and precise calculations of thoseinteractions at high energies. In this paper, we study their phenomenologicalconsequences. We find that: (1) These interactions are dominated by theproduction of on-shell W-bosons, which carry most of the neutrino energy, (2)The cross section on water/iron can be as large as 7.5%/14% that ofcharged-current deep-inelastic scattering, much larger than the quoteduncertainty on the latter, (3) Attenuation in Earth is increased by as much as15%, (4) W-boson production on nuclei exceeds that through the Glashowresonance on electrons by a factor of $\simeq$ 20 for the best-fit IceCubespectrum, (5) The primary signals are showers that will significantly affectthe detection rate in IceCube-Gen2; a small fraction of events give uniquesignatures that may be detected sooner.

W-boson and trident production in TeV--PeV neutrino observatories