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Recently, a framework has been developed to study form factors of two-hadronstates probed by an external current. The method is based on relatingfinite-volume matrix elements, computed using numerical lattice QCD, to thecorresponding infinite-volume observables. As the formalism is complicated, itis important to provide non-trivial checks on the final results and also toexplore limiting cases in which more straightforward predications may beextracted. In this work we provide examples on both fronts. First, we showthat, in the case of a conserved vector current, the formalism ensures that thefinite-volume matrix element of the conserved charge is volume-independent andequal to the total charge of the two-particle state. Second, we study theimplications for a two-particle bound state. We demonstrate that theinfinite-volume limit reproduces the expected matrix element and derive theleading finite-volume corrections to this result for a scalar current. Finally,we provide numerical estimates for the expected size of volume effects infuture lattice QCD calculations of the deuteron's scalar charge. We find thatthese effects completely dominate the infinite-volume result for realisticlattice volumes and that applying the present formalism, to analytically removean infinite-series of leading volume corrections, is crucial to reliablyextract the infinite-volume charge of the state.

Consistency checks for two-body finite-volume matrix elements: I. Conserved currents and bound states