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Making use of the semiclassical periodic orbit theory (POT), we propose, forthe first time, a method to exclusively evaluate the shell effects associatedwith each of the nascent fragments (prefragments) generated by the neckformation in nuclear fission processes. In spite of the strong indication ofsuch shell effects in asymmetric fragment mass distributions, they could nothave been accessed by any previous theoretical approach since most of thesingle-particle wave functions are delocalized. In the POT, we have found thatthe prefragment shell effects can be naturally and unambiguously identified asthe ontributions of the classical periodic orbits localized in each of theprefragments. For a numerical test, simple cavity potential models are employedwith the shape described by the three-quadratic-surface shape parametrization.Deformed shell energies are studied with the trace formula for degenerateorbits in a runcated spherical cavity which was recently derived [K. Arita,Phys. Rev. C 98, 064310 (2018)]. In this simple model, it is shown that theprefragment shell effect dominates the total shell energy shortly after theneck formation, and the magicity of the heavier prefragment plays a significantrole in establishing the fission saddle with asymmetric shape which leads to anasymmetric scission.

Nascent fragment shell effects on the nuclear fission processes in semiclassical periodic orbit theory