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We investigate the effects of the pairing in spherical nuclei. We use thesame finite-range interaction of Gogny type in the three steps of our approach,Hartree-Fock, Bardeen, Cooper and Schrieffer, and quasi-particle random phaseapproximation calculations. We study electric and magnetic dipole, quadrupoleand octuple excitations in oxygen and calcium isotopes and also in isotopeswith 20 neutrons. We investigate the pairing effects on single particleenergies and occupation probabilities, on the excitation energies, $B$-valuesand collectivity of low-lying states including the isoscalar electric dipoleand the magnetic dipole excitations, and also the giant resonances. Theinclusion of the pairing increases the values of the excitation energies in allthe cases we have studied. In general, the effects of the pairing are too smallto remarkably improve the agreement with the available experimental data.

Pairing in spherical nuclei: quasi-particle random phase approximation calculations with the Gogny interaction