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The effects of nuclear isospin asymmetry on $\alpha$ decay lifetimes of heavynuclei are investigated within various phenomenological models of nuclearpotential for the $\alpha$ particle. We consider the widely used simple squarewell potential and Woods-Saxon potential, and modify them by including anisospin asymmetry term. We then suggest a model for the potential of the$\alpha$ particle motivated by a microscopic phenomenological approach of theSkyrme force model, which naturally introduce the isospin dependent form of thenuclear potential for the $\alpha$ particle. The empirical $\alpha$ decaylifetime formula of Viola and Seaborg is also modified to include isospinasymmetry effects. The obtained $\alpha$ decay half-lives are in good agreementwith the experimental data and we find that including the nuclear isospineffects somehow improves the theoretical results for $\alpha$ decay half-lives.The implications of these results are discussed and the predictions on the$\alpha$ decay lifetimes of superheavy elements are also presented.

Nuclear isospin asymmetry in $\alpha$ decays of heavy nuclei