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Apart from the higher limits of isospin and temperature, the properties ofatomic nuclei are intriguing and less explored at the limits of lowest butfinite temperatures. At very low temperatures there is a strong interplaybetween the shell (quantal fluctuations), statistical (thermal fluctuations),and residual pairing effects as evidenced from the studies on giant dipoleresonance (GDR). In our recent work [Phys. Rev. C \textbf{90}, 044308 (2014)],we have outlined some of our results from a theoretical approach for such warmnuclei where all these effects are incorporated along within the thermal shapefluctuation model (TSFM) extended to include the fluctuations in the pairingfield. In this article, we present the complete formalism based on themicroscopic-macroscopic approach for determining the deformation energies and amacroscopic approach which links the deformation to GDR observables. We discussour results for the nuclei $^{97}$Tc, $^{120}$Sn, $^{179}$Au, and $^{208}$Pb,and corroborate with the experimental data available. The TSFM could explainthe data successfully at low temperature only with a proper treatment ofpairing and its fluctuations. More measurements with better precision couldyield rich information about several phase transitions that can happen in warmnuclei.

Effects of thermal shape fluctuations and pairing fluctuations on the giant dipole resonance in warm nuclei