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We present a new approach for calculating electromagnetic excitation ofnuclei as well as probabilities of emission and distributions of neutrons fromdecays of excited nuclear systems for ultrarelativistic, ultraperipheral heavyion collisions. Excitation functions for $\gamma$ + Pb $\to$ Pb$^*$ areparametrized using physics-motivated components: excitation of giantresonances, quasi-deuteron absorption mechanism, excitation of nucleonresonances as well as high-energy dissociation of protons and neutrons. Neutronemission (up to 10 neutrons) from low-energy excitations of $^{208}$Pb ismodelled in terms of the Hauser-Feshbach formalism. The probabilities of agiven number of neutrons are calculated as a function of excitation energy in aMonte-Carlo code GEMINI. These functions are parametrized by smooth analyticalfunctions. The results are compared to appropriate data for the $\gamma$ Pb$\to$ Pb$^*$ $\to$ k n reaction. As an example the approach is used forcalculating electromagnetic excitation in UPC processes. Both single photon anddouble photon excitations are included and discussed. Topological crosssections with a given number of neutrons in forward and backward directions arecalculated in the calculation at the LHC energies. Excitation functions arepresented. The results of calculation are compared with SPS and more recentALICE experimental data and good agreement is achieved.

Electromagnetic excitation of nuclei and neutron evaporation in ultrarelativistic ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions