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Recent improvements in the experimental determination of properties of theIsovector Giant Quadrupole Resonance (IVGQR), as demonstrated in the A=208 massregion, may be instrumental for characterizing the isovector channel of theeffective nuclear interaction. We analyze properties of the IVGQR in 208Pb,using both macroscopic and microscopic approaches. The microscopic method isbased on families of non-relativistic and covariant Energy Density Functionals(EDF), characterized by a systematic variation of isoscalar and isovectorproperties of the corresponding nuclear matter equations of state. Themacroscopic approach yields an explicit dependence of the nuclear symmetryenergy at some subsaturation density, for instance S(\rho=0.1 fm^{-3}), or theneutron skin thickness \Delta r_{np} of a heavy nucleus, on the excitationenergies of isoscalar and isovector GQRs. Using available data it is found thatS(\rho=0.1 fm{}^{-3})=23.3 +/- 0.6 MeV. Results obtained with the microscopicframework confirm the correlation of the \Delta r_{np} to the isoscalar andisovector GQR energies, as predicted by the macroscopic model. By exploitingthis correlation together with the experimental values for the isoscalar andisovector GQR energies, we estimate \Delta r_{np} = 0.14 +/- 0.03 fm for 208Pb,and the slope parameter of the symmetry energy: L = 37 +/- 18 MeV.

Giant Quadrupole Resonances in 208Pb, the nuclear symmetry energy and the neutron skin thickness