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For the first time the potential energy surfaces of actinide nuclei in the$(\beta_{20}, \beta_{22}, \beta_{30})$ deformation space are obtained from amulti-dimensional constrained covariant density functional theory. With thisnewly developed theory we are able to explore the importance of the triaxialand octupole shapes simultaneously along the whole fission path. It is foundthat besides the octupole deformation, the triaxiality also plays an importantrole upon the second fission barriers. The outer barrier as well as the innerbarrier are lowered by the triaxial deformation compared with axially symmetricresults. This lowering effect for the reflection asymmetric outer barrier is0.5 $\sim$ 1 MeV, accounting for $10 \sim 20%$ of the barrier height. With theinclusion of the triaxial deformation, a good agreement with the data for theouter barriers of actinide nuclei is achieved.

physical review. c. nuclear physics/physical review. c, nuclear physics

Potential Energy Surfaces of Actinide Nuclei from a Multi-dimensional  Constraint Covariant Density Functional Theory: Barrier Heights and Saddle  Point Shapes