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Electron anti-neutrinos are commonly detected in liquid scintillatorexperiments via inverse beta decay, by looking at the coincidence between thereaction products, neutron and positron. Prior to positron annihilation, anelectron-positron pair may form an orthopositronium (o-Ps) state, with a meanlife of a few ns. Even if the o-Ps decay is speeded up by spin flip or pick offeffects, it may introduce distortions in the photon emission time distribution,crucial for position reconstruction and pulse shape discrimination algorithmsin anti-neutrino experiments. Reversing the problem, the o-Ps induced timedistortion represents a new signature for tagging anti-neutrinos in liquidscintillator.  In this paper, we report the results of measurements of the o-Ps formationprobability and lifetime, for the most used solvents for organic liquidscintillators in neutrino physics (pseudocumene, linear alkyl benzene,phenylxylylethane, and dodecane). We characterize also a mixture ofpseudocumene +1.5 g/l of 2,5-diphenyloxazole, a fluor acting as wavelengthshifter.  In the second part of the paper, we demonstrate that the o-Ps induceddistortion of the scintillation photon emission time distributions represent anoptimal signature for tagging positrons on an event by event basis, potentiallyenhancing the anti-neutrino detection.

Positronium signature in organic liquid scintillators for neutrino experiments