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Two novel QCD effects, double color filtering and mutual boosting of thesaturation scales in colliding nuclei, affect the transparency of the nucleifor quark dipoles in comparison with proton-nucleus collisions. The formereffect increases the survival probability of the dipoles, since color filteringin one nucleus makes the other one more transparent. The second effect acts inthe opposite direction and is stronger, it makes the colliding nuclei moreopaque than in the case of pA collisions. As a result of parton saturation innuclei the effective scale is shifted upwards, what leads to an increase of thegluon density at small x. This in turn leads to a stronger transverse momentumbroadening in AA compared with pA collisions, i.e. to an additional growth ofthe saturation momentum. Such a mutual boosting leads to a system ofreciprocity equations, which result in a saturation scale, a few times higherin AA than in pA collisions at the energies of LHC. Since the dipole crosssection is proportional to the saturation momentum squared, the nuclei becomemuch more opaque for dipoles in AA than in pA collisions. For the same reasongluon shadowing turns out to be boosted to a larger magnitude compared with theproduct of the gluon shadowing factors in each of the colliding nuclei. Allthese effects make it more difficult to establish a baseline for anomalousJ/Psi suppression in heavy ion collisions at high energies.

Heavy quarkonium production: Nontrivial transition from pA to AA collisions