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To systematically describe evaporation spectra for light and heavy compoundnuclei over a large range of excitation energies, it was necessary to considerthree ingredients in the statistical model. Firstly, transmission coefficientsor barrier penetration factors for charged-particle emission are typicallytaken from global fits to elastic-scattering data. However, such transmissioncoefficients do not reproduce the barrier region of evaporation spectra andreproduction of the data requires a distributions of Coulomb barriers. This ispossibly associated with large fluctuations in the compound-nucleus shape ordensity profile. Secondly for heavy nuclei, an excitation-energy dependentlevel-density parameter is required to describe the slope of the exponentialtails of these spectra. The level-density parameter was reduced at largertemperatures, consistent with the expected fadeout of long-range correlation,but the strong $A$ dependence of this effect is unexpected. Lastly to describethe angular-momentum dependence of the level density in light nuclei at largespins, the macroscopic rotational energy of the nucleus has to be reduced fromthe values predicted with the Finite-Range Liquid-Drop model.

A systematic description of evaporation spectra for light and heavy compound nuclei