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We present the first study to examine the validity of the relativisticimpulse approximation (RIA) for describing elastic proton-nucleus scattering atincident laboratory kinetic energies lower than 200 MeV. For simplicity wechoose a $^{208}$Pb target, which is a spin-saturated spherical nucleus forwhich reliable nuclear structure models exist. Microscopic scalar and vectoroptical potentials are generated by folding invariant scalar and vectorscattering nucleon-nucleon (NN) amplitudes, based on our recently developedrelativistic meson-exchange model, with Lorentz scalar and vector densitiesresulting from the accurately calibrated PK1 relativistic mean field model ofnuclear structure. It is seen that phenomenological Pauli blocking (PB) effectsand density-dependent corrections to $\sigma$N and $\omega$N meson-nucleoncoupling constants modify the RIA microscopic scalar and vector opticalpotentials so as to provide a consistent and quantitative description of allelastic scattering observables, namely total reaction cross sections,differential cross sections, analyzing powers and spin rotation functions. Inparticular, the effect of PB becomes more significant at energies lower than200 MeV, whereas phenomenological density-dependent corrections to the NNinteraction {\it also} play an increasingly important role at energies lowerthan 100 MeV.

Validity of the relativistic impulse approximation for elastic proton-nucleus scattering at energies lower than 200 MeV