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We present a comprehensive study of event-by-event multiplicity fluctuationsin nucleon-nucleon and nucleus-nucleus interactions from AGS/FAIR to RHICenergies within the UrQMD transport approach. The scaled variances of negative,positive, and all charged hadrons are analysed. The scaled variance in centralPb+Pb collisions increases with energy and behaves similar to inelastic p+pinteractions. We find a non-trivial dependence of multiplicity fluctuations onthe rapidity and transverse momentum interval used for the analysis and on thecentrality selection procedure. Quantitative predictions for the NA49experiment are given, taking into account the acceptance of the detector andthe selection procedure of central events.

Searching for the Critical Point of QCD: Theoretical Benchmark Calculations