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The time-integrated luminosity and average energy of the neutrino emissionspectrum are essential diagnostics of core-collapse supernovae. The SN 1987Aelectron antineutrino observations by the Kamiokande-II and IMB detectors areonly roughly consistent with each other and theory. Using new measurements ofthe star formation rate history, we reinterpret the Super-Kamiokande upperbound on the electron antineutrino flux from all past supernovae as an excludedregion in neutrino emission parameter space. A gadolinium-enhancedSuper-Kamiokande should be able to jointly measure these parameters, and afuture megaton-scale detector would enable precision studies.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures; minor revisions, accepted for publication in  Phys. Rev.

Direct measurement of supernova neutrino emission parameters with a gadolinium-enhanced Super-Kamiokande detector