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We study the instabilities of quark matter in the framework of a generalizedNambu--Jona-Lasinio model, in order to explore possible competition betweenthree-quark clustering to form nucleons and diquark formation leading to colorsuperconductivity. Nucleon and $\Delta$ solutions are obtained for therelativistic Faddeev equation at finite density and their binding energies arecompared with those for the scalar and axial-vector diquarks found from theBethe-Salpeter equation. In a model with interactions in both scalar and axialdiquark channels, bound nucleons exist up to nuclear matter density. However,except at densities below about a quarter of that of nuclear matter, we findthat scalar diquark formation is energetically favored. This raises thequestion of whether a realistic phase diagram of baryonic matter can beobtained from any model which does not incorporate color confinement.Comment: 23 pages (RevTeX), 5 figures (epsf

Nucleons or diquarks: Competition between clustering and color superconductivity in quark matter