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We present a unified description of the relativistic piNN and gamma-piNNsystems where the strong interactions are described non-perturbatively byfour-dimensional integral equations. A feature of our approach is that thephoton is coupled in all possible ways to the strong interaction contributions.Thus the hadronic processes NN -> NN, NN -> pid, pid -> pid, etc. andcorresponding electromagnetic processes NN -> gamma-NN, gamma-d -> NN, gamma-d-> pid, ed -> ed, ed -> e'pid, etc., are described simultaneously within theone model of strong interactions. Our formulation obeys two and three-bodyunitarity, and as photons are coupled everywhere in the strong interactionmodel, gauge invariance is implemented in the way prescribed by quantum fieldtheory. Our formulation is also free from the overcounting and undercountingproblems plaguing four-dimensional descriptions of piNN-like systems. Theunified description is achieved through the use of the recently introducedgauging of equations method.Comment: 17 pages, revtex, epsf, 6 postscript figure

physical review. c. nuclear physics/physical review. c, nuclear physics

Unified relativistic description of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>π</mml:mi><mml:mi>NN</mml:mi></mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi><mml:mi>π</mml:mi><mml:mi>NN</mml:mi></mml:math>

Unified relativistic description ofπNNandγπNN