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In this paper we address the adequacy of various approximate methods ofincluding Coulomb distortion effects in (e,e') reactions by comparing to anexact treatment using Dirac-Coulomb distorted waves. In particular, we examineapproximate methods and analyses of (e,e') reactions developed by Traini et al.using a high energy approximation of the distorted waves and phase shifts dueto Lenz and Rosenfelder. This approximation has been used in the separation oflongitudinal and transverse structure functions in a number of (e,e')experiments including the newly published 208Pb(e,e') data from Saclay. We findthat the assumptions used by Traini and others are not valid for typical (e,e')experiments on medium and heavy nuclei, and hence the extracted structurefunctions based on this formalism are not reliable. We describe an improvedapproximation which is also based on the high energy approximation of Lenz andRosenfelder and the analyses of Knoll and compare our results to the Saclaydata. At each step of our analyses we compare our approximate results to theexact distorted wave results and can therefore quantify the errors made by ourapproximations. We find that for light nuclei, we can get an excellenttreatment of Coulomb distortion effects on (e,e') reactions just by using agood approximation to the distorted waves, but for medium and heavy nucleisimple additional ad hoc factors need to be included. We describe an explicitprocedure for using our approximate analyses to extract so-called longitudinaland transverse structure functions from (e,e') reactions in the quasielasticregion.Comment: 30 pages, 8 figures, 16 reference

physical review. c. nuclear physics/physical review. c, nuclear physics

Approximate treatment of electron Coulomb distortion in quasielastic (<i>e</i>,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">e</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>′</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>) reactions

Approximate treatment of electron Coulomb distortion in quasielastic (e,e′) reactions