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Recently the PHENIX Collaboration has made available two-particle correlationFourier coefficients for multiple detector combinations in minimum bias p+p and0-5% central p+Au, d+Au, 3He+Au collisions at 200 GeV [1]. Using thesecoefficients for three sets of two-particle correlations, azimuthal anisotropycoefficients $v_2$ and $v_3$ are extracted for midrapidity charged hadrons as afunction of transverse momentum. In this paper, we use the availablecoefficients to explore various non-flow hypotheses as well as compare theresults with theoretical model calculations. The non-flow methods fail basicclosure tests with AMPT and PYTHIA/ANGANTYR, particularly when includingcorrelations with particles in the low multiplicity light-projectile goingdirection. In data, the non-flow adjusted $v_2$ results are modestly lower inp+Au and the adjusted $v_3$ results are more significantly higher in p+Au andd+Au. However, the resulting higher values for the ratio $v_3/v_2$ in p+Au atRHIC compared to p+Pb at the LHC is additional evidence for a significantover-correction. Incorporating these additional checks, the conclusion thatthese flow coefficients are dominated by initial geometry coupled withfinal-state interactions (e.g.~hydrodynamic expansion of quark-gluon plasma)remains true, and explanations based on initial-state glasma are ruled out. Thedetailed balance between intrinsic and fluctuation-driven geometry and theexact role of weakly versus strongly-coupled pre-hydrodynamic evolution remainsan open question for triangular flow, requiring further theoretical andexperimental investigation.

physical review. c

Checking Non-Flow Assumptions and Results via PHENIX Published  Correlations in $p$$+$$p$, $p$$+$Au, $d$$+$Au, $^3$He$+$Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$  = 200 GeV