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We introduce the subensemble acceptance method 2.0 (SAM-2.0) -- a procedureto correct cumulants of a random number distribution inside a subsystem for theeffect of exact global conservation of a conserved quantity to which thisnumber is correlated, with applications to measurements of event-by-eventfluctuations in heavy-ion collisions. The method expresses the correctedcumulants in terms of the cumulants inside and outside the subsystem that arenot subject to the exact conservation. The derivation assumes that allprobability distributions associated with the cumulants are peaked at the meanvalues but are otherwise of arbitrary shape. The formalism reduces to theoriginal SAM [V. Vovchenko et al., Phys.Lett.B 811 (2020) 135868[arXiv:2003.13905]] when applied to a coordinate space subvolume of a uniformthermal system. As the new method is restricted neither to the uniform systemsnor to the coordinate space, it is applicable to fluctuations measured inheavy-ion collisions at various collision energies in different momentum spaceacceptances. The SAM-2.0 thus brings the experimental measurements andtheoretical calculations of event-by-event fluctuations closer together, as thelatter are typically performed without the account of exact globalconservation.

Correcting event-by-event fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions for exact global conservation laws with the generalized subensemble acceptance method