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We use the microscopic GiBUU transport model to calculate dilepton ($e^+e^-$)production in heavy-ion collisions at SIS18 energies focusing on the effect ofcollisional broadening of the $\rho$-meson. The collisional width of the$\rho$-meson at finite temperature and baryon density in nuclear matter iscalculated on the basis of the collision integral of the GiBUU model. Asystematic comparison with HADES data on dilepton production in heavy-ioncollisions is performed. The collisional broadening of the $\rho$ improves theagreement between theory and experiment for the dilepton invariant-massdistributions near the $\rho$ pole mass and for the excess radiation in Au+Auat $1.23 A$ GeV. We furthermore show that some remaining underprediction of theexperimental dilepton spectra in C+C at $1 A$ GeV and Au+Au at $1.23 A$ GeV atintermediate invariant masses $0.2-0.4$ GeV can be accounted for by adjustingthe $pn$ bremsstrahlung cross section in a way to agree with the inclusivedilepton spectrum from $dp$ collisions at $1.25 A$ GeV.

Dilepton production in microscopic transport theory with in-medium $\rho$-meson spectral function